Patellar Tracking Disorder Treatment & Surgery

What is Patellar Tracking Disorder?

Patellar tracking disorder is a condition where the kneecap (patella) does not move smoothly in its natural groove on the femur (thigh bone) during knee movement. Instead, the patella shifts out of place, usually towards the outside of the knee, causing pain, discomfort, and instability. This condition can result from various factors, including muscle imbalances, anatomical abnormalities, or previous knee injuries. Patellar tracking disorder is common among athletes and active individuals but can affect anyone.

What Causes Patellar Tracking Disorder?

Patellar tracking disorder can be caused by several factors, including:

• Muscle Imbalances: Weakness or tightness in the muscles around the knee, especially the quadriceps and hip muscles, can pull the patella out of alignment.
• Anatomical Abnormalities: Structural issues, such as a shallow femoral groove, a high-riding patella (patella alta), or a misaligned kneecap, can contribute to abnormal patellar tracking.
• Previous Injuries: A history of knee injuries, such as dislocations or ligament tears, can damage the structures that support proper patellar alignment.
• Overuse: Repetitive activities that put stress on the knee joint, such as running, jumping, or squatting, can lead to patellar tracking disorder over time.
• Improper Footwear or Poor Mechanics: Wearing inappropriate shoes or having improper walking or running mechanics can affect the alignment and movement of the patella.

Signs and Symptoms of Patellar Tracking Disorder

Symptoms of patellar tracking disorder can vary in severity and may worsen with certain activities. Common signs and symptoms include:

• Knee Pain: Pain around the kneecap, particularly when bending the knee, climbing stairs, running, or sitting for long periods (sometimes referred to as “moviegoer’s knee”).
• Popping or Clicking Sensations: A sensation of popping, clicking, or grinding in the knee joint during movement, especially when straightening or bending the knee.
• Knee Instability: A feeling that the knee may “give out” or is unstable, particularly during activities that involve twisting or turning.
• Swelling: Mild swelling around the kneecap, often due to inflammation or irritation.
• Stiffness: Stiffness in the knee, especially after periods of inactivity or prolonged sitting.

Diagnosis of Patellar Tracking Disorder

To diagnose patellar tracking disorder, a healthcare provider will perform a thorough physical examination, assessing the knee’s alignment, stability, and range of motion. They may ask about your medical history and symptoms to understand the condition better. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans, are often used to confirm the diagnosis, evaluate the extent of any structural abnormalities or damage, and rule out other potential causes of knee pain.

Treatment for Patellar Tracking Disorder

Treatment for patellar tracking disorder focuses on reducing pain, improving knee alignment, and restoring function. Options include:

• Physical Therapy: A structured rehabilitation program focusing on strengthening the muscles around the knee, particularly the quadriceps and hip muscles, and improving flexibility can help correct patellar tracking issues.
• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to help manage pain and reduce inflammation.
• Bracing or Taping: Wearing a knee brace or using specialized taping techniques can help support the patella and improve its alignment during activities.
• Activity Modification: Avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms and focusing on low-impact exercises can help reduce stress on the knee joint and promote healing.
• Orthotics: Custom shoe inserts or orthotics can help correct foot mechanics and improve knee alignment, reducing stress on the patella.
• Surgery: In rare cases where conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical intervention may be necessary to realign the patella or repair damaged tissues, such as the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL).

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)